2008年6月8日，农历五月初五，中国传统节日端午节。从2008年1月1日开始，端午节又被赋予了新的含义，和中秋节清明节一起被列为国家法定节假日。端午节假期，2008年6月7日—9日放假，共3天。其中，6月7日（星期六）照常公休，6月8日（农历五月初五，端午节）为法定节假日，6月8日（星期日）公休日调至6月9日（星期一）。

又是一个小长假，打算怎么玩！还是先来学习一下端午节的知识。

端午节简介

        农历五月初五，也叫“端阳”、“蒲节”、“天中节”、“大长节”、“沐兰节”、“女儿节”、“小儿节”。它是汉族的传统节日之一。端午也称端五，端阳。此外，端午节还有许多别称，如：午日节、重五节，五月节、浴兰节、女儿节，天中节、地腊、诗人节、龙日、艾节、端五、夏节等等。虽然名称不同，但总体上说，各地人民过节的习俗还是同多于异的。 时至今日，端午节仍是中国人民中一个十分盛行的隆重节日。 
        端午节是全年四大节之一。五月是毒月，五日是毒日，五日的中午又是毒时，居三毒之端。端午节又叫“五月端”。五月是整个热天的开端，五毒蛇开始活跃，鬼魅魍魉也会猖獗，这些都会给人特别是会给无所顾忌又无抵抗能力的孩子带来灾难，必须在五月端这天集中地为孩子消灾防毒，因此，人们又把五月端午节说成是“小孩节”或“娃娃节”。

端午节由来

        源于纪念屈原，据《史记》“屈原贾生列传”记载，屈原，是春秋时期楚怀王的大臣。他倡导举贤授能，富国强兵，力主联齐抗秦，遭到贵族子兰等人的强烈反对，屈原遭馋去职，被赶出都城，流放到沅、湘流域。他在流放中，写下了忧国忧民的《离骚》、《天问》、《九歌》等不朽诗篇，独具风貌，影响深远（因而，端午节也称诗人节）。公元前278年，秦军攻破楚国京都。屈原眼看自己的祖国被侵略，心如刀割，但是始终不忍舍弃自己的祖国，于五月五日，在写下了绝笔作《怀沙》之后，抱石投汨罗江身死，以自己的生命谱写了一曲壮丽的爱国主义乐章。
        传说屈原死后，楚国百姓哀痛异常，纷纷涌到汨罗江边去凭吊屈原。渔夫们划起船只，在江上来回打捞他的真身。有位渔夫拿出为屈原准备的饭团、鸡蛋等食物，“扑通、扑通”地丢进江里，说是让鱼龙虾蟹吃饱了，就不会去咬屈大夫的身体了。人们见后纷纷仿效。一位老医师则拿来一坛雄黄酒倒进江里，说是要药晕蛟龙水兽，以免伤害屈大夫。后来为怕饭团为蛟龙所食，人们想出用楝树叶包饭，外缠彩丝，发展成棕子。
以后，在每年的五月初五，就有了龙舟竞渡、吃粽子、喝雄黄酒的风俗；以此来纪念爱国诗人屈原

端午节习俗

• 赛龙舟

 

• 端午食粽

• 佩香囊

• 悬艾叶菖蒲

• 挂荷包和拴五色丝线

 

端午节诗词

端午 （唐）文秀
      节分端午自谁言，万古传闻为屈原；
      堪笑楚江空渺渺，不能洗得直臣冤。

浣溪沙（宋·苏轼）
轻汗微微透碧纨。明朝端午浴芳兰。流香涨腻满晴川。彩线轻缠红玉臂，小符斜挂绿云鬟。佳人相见一千年。

齐天乐 （宋·杨无咎）
疏疏数点黄梅雨。殊方又逢重五。角黍包金，草蒲泛玉，风物依然荆楚。衫裁艾虎。更钗凫朱符，臂缠红缕。扑粉香绵，唤风绫扇小窗午。沈湘人去已远，劝君休对酒，感时怀古。慢啭莺喉，轻敲象板，胜读离骚章句。荷香暗度。渐引入陶陶，醉乡深处。卧听江头，画船喧叠鼓。

菩萨蛮 （宋·陈义）
包中香黍分边角。彩丝剪就交绒索。樽俎泛菖蒲。年年五月初。主人恩义重。对景承欢宠。何日玩山家。葵蒿三四花。

渔家傲（宋·欧阳修）
五月榴花妖艳烘。绿杨带雨垂垂重。五色新丝缠角粽。金盘送。生绡画扇盘双凤。正是浴兰时节动。菖蒲酒美清尊共。叶里黄骊时一弄。犹松等闲惊破纱窗梦。

念奴娇 （宋·张榘）
楚湘旧俗，记包黍沈流，缅怀忠节。谁挽汨罗千丈雪，一洗些魂离别。赢得儿童，红丝缠臂，佳话年年说。龙舟争渡，搴旗捶鼓骄劣。谁念词客风流，菖蒲桃柳，忆闺门铺设。嚼徵含商陶雅兴，争似年时娱悦。青杏园林，一樽煮酒，当为浇凄切。南薰应解，把君愁袂吹裂。

喜迁莺 （宋·黄裳）
梅霖初歇。乍绛蕊海榴，争开时节。角黍包金，香蒲切玉，是处玳筵罗列。斗巧尽输少年，玉腕彩丝双结。舣彩舫，看龙舟两两，波心齐发。奇绝。难画处，激起浪花，飞作湖间雪。画鼓喧雷，红旗闪电，夺罢锦标方彻。望中水天日暮，犹见朱帘高揭。归棹晚，载菏花十里，一钩新月。

花心动 （宋·史浩）
槐夏阴浓，笋成竿、红榴正堪攀折。菖歜碎琼，角黍堆金，又赏一年佳节。宝觥交劝殷勤愿，把玉腕、彩丝双结。最好是，龙舟竞夺，锦标方彻。此意凭谁向说。纷两岸，游人强生区别。胜负既分，些个悲欢，过眼尽归休歇。到头都是强阳气，初不悟、本无生灭。见破底，何须更求指诀。

贺新郎 （宋·许及之）
旧俗传荆楚。正江城、梅炎藻夏，做成重午。门艾钗符关何事，付与痴儿呆女。耳不听、湖边鼍鼓。独炷炉香熏衣润，对潇潇、翠竹都忘暑。时展卷，诵骚语。新愁不障西山雨。问楼头、登临倦客，有谁怀古。回首独醒人何在，空把清尊酹与。漾不到、潇湘江渚。我又相将湖南去，已安排、吊屈嘲渔父。君有语，但分付。

端午节英文介绍

Officially  falling on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as Double Fifth Day. While many stories regarding its origin abound, the most popular and widely accepted version regards Qu Yuan, a minister during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC)

Legend of the Dragon Boat Festival’s Origin

At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, the area we now know as China had fallen into a state of fragmentation and conflict. While the Zhou dynasty had ruled for several centuries, several other states, originally feudal domains, tried to carve out their own kingdoms. The state of Qin would eventually emerge the victor and unify all of China under one rule for the first time in history.

Qu Yuan served as minister to the Zhou Emperor. A wise and articulate man, he was loved by the common people. He did much to fight against the rampant corruption that plagued the court– thereby earning the envy and fear of other officials. Therefore, when he urged the emperor to avoid conflict with the Qin Kingdom, the officials pressured the Emperor to have him removed from service. In exile, he traveled, taught and wrote for several years. Hearing that the Zhou had been defeated by the Qin, he fell into despair and threw himself into the Milou River. His last poem reads:

Many a heavy sigh I have in my despair,
Grieving that I was born in such an unlucky time.
I yoked a team of jade dragons to a phoenix chariot,
And waited for the wind to come,
to sour up on my journey

As he was so loved by the people, fishermen rushed out in long boats, beating drums to scare the fish away, and throwing zong zi into the water to feed braver fish so that they would not eat Qu Yuan’s body.

The Modern Dragon Boat Festival started from that time to this day, people commemorated Qu Yuan through Dragon Boat Races, eating zong zi, and several other activities, on the anniversary of his death: the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.

Dragon Boat races are the most exciting part of the festival, drawing crowds of spectators. Dragon Boats are generally brightly painted and decorated canoes. Ranging anywhere from 40 to 100 feet in length, their heads are shaped like open-mouthed dragons, while the sterns end with a scaly tail. Depending on the length, up to 80 rowers can power the boat. A drummer and flag-catcher stand at the front of the boat. Before a dragon boat enters competition, it must be “brought to life” by painting the eyes in a sacred ceremony. Races can have any number of boats competing, with the winner being the first team to grab a flag at the end of the course. Annual races take place all over China, Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, and other overseas Chinese communities.

Zong Zi

The traditional food for the Dragon Boat Festival, Zong zi is a glutinous rice ball, with a filling, wrapped in corn leaves. The fillings can be egg, beans, dates, fruits, sweet potato, walnuts, mushrooms, meat, or a combination of them. They are generally steamed.

Talisman and Charms

Another aspect of the Double Fifth Day is the timing: at the beginning of summer, when diseases are likely to strike, people also wear talisman to fend off evil spirits. They may hang the picture of Zhong Kui, guardian against evil spirits, on the door of their homes, as well. Adults may drink Xiong Huang Wine, and children carry fragrant silk pouches, all of which can prevent evil. It is said that if you can balance a raw egg on its end at exactly noon on Double Fifth Day, the rest of the year will be lucky.

英文我也没有看完，看了一点点就头疼。

注：以上资料来自网络，感谢百度百科、百科词典。

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